Bài toán số 41 có 2 cách làm, tôi làm cách thứ 2

Đặt \(Q=\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+y}}\)\(\Rightarrow Q^2=\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y}+2\left(\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\right)\)ta thấy rằng \(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y}\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

\(=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4}+\frac{xyz}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có \(\sqrt{\frac{yx}{\left(z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}}\ge\frac{2yx}{2\sqrt{\left(xy+yz\right)\left(yz+yx\right)}}\ge\frac{2xy}{2xy+yz+xz}\ge\frac{2xy}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{xy}{xy+yz+zx}\)

Tương tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\ge\frac{yz}{xy+yz+zx}\\\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\ge\frac{xz}{xy+yz+zx}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\ge1\)nên \(Q\ge\sqrt{\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4}+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\sqrt{\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}+4}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}}\)

Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\Rightarrow t\ge\sqrt{xy+yz+zx}=2\)

Xét hàm số g(t)=\(\sqrt{\frac{t^2}{2}+4}+\frac{4}{t}\left(t\ge2\right)\)khi đó ta có 

\(g'\left(t\right)=\frac{t}{2\sqrt{\frac{t^2}{2}+4}}-\frac{4}{t^2};g'\left(t\right)=0\Leftrightarrow t^6-32t^2-256=0\Leftrightarrow t=2\sqrt{2}\)

Lập bảng biến thiên ta có min[2;\(+\infty\)) \(g\left(t\right)=g\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)=3\sqrt{2}\)

Hay minS=\(3\sqrt{2}\)<=> a=c=1; b=2

Đặt a=xc; b=cy (x;y >=1)

\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=\sqrt{xy}\Leftrightarrow x+y-2+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy-x-y+1-2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=1\Leftrightarrow xy=x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow xy\ge4\)

Biểu thức P được viết lại như sau

\(P=\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{x^2}{xy+x}+\frac{y^2}{xy+y}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy}\)

\(P\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy+x+y}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy}=\frac{xy}{3}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2y^2-2xy}=\frac{x^3y^3-2x^2y^2+3xy-3}{3\left(x^2y^2-2xy\right)}\)

Đặt t=xy với t>=4

Xét hàm số \(f\left(t\right)=\frac{t^3-2t^2+3t-3}{t^2-2t}\left(t\ge4\right)\)

Ta có \(f'\left(t\right)=\frac{t^4-4t^3+t^2+6t-6}{\left(t^2-2t\right)^2}=\frac{t^3\left(t-4\right)+6\left(t-4\right)+18}{\left(t^2-2t\right)^2}>0\forall t\ge4\)

Lập bảng biến thiên ta có \(minf\left(t\right)=f\left(4\right)=\frac{41}{8}\)

Vậy \(minP=\frac{41}{24}\)khi x=y=z=2 hay a=b=2c

\(\sqrt{a^2+\dfrac{1}{b+c}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{17}}\sqrt{\left(4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{17}}\left(2a+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{b+c}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)

Mặt khác:

\(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\le\sqrt{3\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)}=\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\dfrac{31}{8}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{a+b+c}{8}+\dfrac{9}{2\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{9}{2\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\dfrac{31}{8}.6+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{81\left(a+b+c\right)}{32.6.\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)

p \(\ge\)\(\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2\left(a+b\right)}\) +\(\sqrt{\left(1+ab\right)^2}\) (bunhia và cosi)

  =\(\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+1+ab=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+a+b+1\)

do \(a+b=ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow a+b\ge4\)

dạt a+b = t thì t>=4

cần tìm min \(\frac{4}{t^2}+t+1=\frac{4}{t^2}+\frac{t}{16}+\frac{t}{16}+\frac{7t}{8}+1\)

                                      \(\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{t^2}.\frac{t}{16}.\frac{t}{16}}+\frac{7.4}{8}+1=\frac{21}{4}\)

dau = xay ra khi a=b=2

\(\left(4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\ge\left(2a+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{b+c}}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+\dfrac{1}{b+c}}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{17}}\left(2a+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{b+c}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\sqrt{b^2+\dfrac{1}{a+c}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4b+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+c}}\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{c^2+\dfrac{1}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4c+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}\right)\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)

\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)

Cũng theo Bunhiacopxki:

\(1.\sqrt{a+b}+1.\sqrt{b+c}+1\sqrt{c+a}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)}=\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)\)

\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\dfrac{31}{8}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{a+b+c}{8}+\dfrac{9}{2\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{9}{2\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)\) 

\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\dfrac{31}{8}.6+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{81\left(a+b+c\right)}{32.6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)

B1 

Ta có

\(A=\frac{a^2}{24}+\frac{9}{a}+\frac{9}{a}+\frac{23a^2}{24}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2}{24}.\frac{9}{a}.\frac{9}{a}+\frac{23a^2}{24}}\ge\frac{9}{2}+\frac{23.36}{24}\ge39\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=6

Vậy Min A = 39 <=> a=6

 \(A=a^2+\frac{18}{a}=a^2+\frac{216}{a}+\frac{216}{a}-\frac{414}{a}\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2.\frac{216}{a}.\frac{216}{a}}-69=39\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 6

B3: Áp dụng bđt AM-GM

\(A=\frac{a+b}{4\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{a+b}+\frac{3\left(a+b\right)}{4\sqrt{ab}}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{4\sqrt{ab}}.\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{a+b}}+\frac{3\left(a+b\right)}{4\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)}\)

\(=1+\frac{3\left(a+b\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)}=1+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b>0\)

Ta có \(\sqrt{1+8a^3}=\sqrt{\left(1+2a\right)\left(1-2a+4a^2\right)}\le\frac{1+2a+1-2a+4a^2}{2}=1+2a^2\)(BĐT AM-GM)

Tương tự cho \(\sqrt{1+8b^2};\sqrt{1+8c^2}\)ta được \(P\ge\frac{1}{1+2a^2}+\frac{1}{1+2b^2}+\frac{1}{1+2c^2}\)

Mặt khác \(\frac{1}{1+2a^2}=\frac{1}{1+2a^2}+\frac{1+2a^2}{9}-\frac{1+2a^2}{9}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+2a^2}\cdot\frac{1+2a^2}{9}}-\frac{2}{9}a^2-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{5-2a^2}{9}\)

Khi đó: \(P\ge\frac{5-2a^2}{9}-\frac{5-2b^2}{9}-\frac{5-2c^2}{9}\) \(=\frac{15-2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{9}=\frac{15-2\cdot3}{9}=1\)

Vậy Min P=1

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2+c^2=3\\1+2a=1-2a+4a^2\\\frac{1}{1+2a^2}=\frac{1+2a^2}{9}\end{cases}}\)và vai trò a,b,c như nhau hay (a,b,c)=(1,1,1)

đổi ẩn 

\(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};z\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(x+y+z=3\)

\(P=\Sigma\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy+x+y}}\ge\Sigma\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{xy+x+y+3}\ge\frac{18\sqrt{3}}{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+2\left(x+y+z\right)+9}=\sqrt{3}\)

dấuu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Làm bừa thôi nhé:)

\(A=\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\)

\(\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{a^2.\frac{1}{a^2}}}+\sqrt{2\sqrt{b^2.\frac{1}{b^2}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=1\)

bổ sung thêm đk a+b=4

áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki ta có:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\sqrt{\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\right)\cdot\left(4^2+1^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)\\\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\sqrt{\left(b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)\left(4^2+1\right)}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)\end{cases}}\)

khi đó ta được \(A\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[4\left(a+b\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\right]\)

ta để sy thấy \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)do đó áp dụng bđt Cauchy vfa giả thiết ta được

\(A\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[4\left(a+b\right)+\frac{4}{a+b}\right]=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[\frac{a+b}{4}+\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{15\left(a+b\right)}{4}\right]\)\(\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[2+15\right]=\sqrt{17}\)

dấu đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{4}=\frac{1}{a}\\\frac{b}{4}=\frac{1}{b}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=2}\)

1a

\(A=\frac{3}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}}{2}\)

\(\ge10+\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{4}=10+\frac{1}{16}=\frac{161}{16}\)

Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

Vay \(A_{min}=\frac{161}{16}\)

1b.\(B=\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^8+b^8}{4}\ge\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{\frac{\left(a^4+b^4\right)^2}{2}}{4}\)

\(\ge6+\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{8}\ge6+\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{32}=6+\frac{1}{128}=\frac{769}{128}\)

Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

Vay \(B_{min}=\frac{769}{128}\)khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

Bài 2 Dùng Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel là ra:D

Bài 3:Đừng vội dùng Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ngay kẻo bị phức tạp:v Thay vào đó hãy khai triển nó ra:

\(A=x^2+y^2+2\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\)

\(\ge4+2.2+\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}=4+4+1=9\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=\sqrt{2}\)

Bài 4: Dùng Cauchy or Bunhiacopxki là ok!